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If your basement is unfinished, basement mold removal is fairly straightforward and simple. You can spray the affected areas with bleach, allow to air dry without air movement, and then spray apply an antimicrobial agent such as microban.
If the affected areas are concealed fully or partially by building materials such as drywall, then there are other protocols to be followed. If the area is under 10 sq feet total affected area, you can pretty much follow the above procedures. If the need to remove the affected building materials is warranted, then you will need to, at a minimum, wear a paper filter mask to cover your mouth and nose. Place any removed building materials in heavy contractor waste bags and dispose of.
If the affected area is greater than 10 sq feet, you really should have negative air pressure present in the room. This can be as simple as having a large box fan setting in an open window, blowing from inside to out. This removes mold spores from the room as you are working there. You should also wear a double element respirator. If the mold concentration is high, you should probably have professionals mitigate the damage. Very few molds are harmful, but all molds can cause respiratory distress, watery eyes, and flu-like symptoms. Not too much fun, and if you have allergies, can be a real problem.
In any case, if you have mold present due to water damage, never use a fan to dry the affected area. This will only move the mold spores throughout the house. Use a dehumidifier in the area until dry. If really wet, rent a large refrigerant dehumidifier and let it run for a minimum of three days. Always apply the antimicrobant to any affected area before covering back up with building materials.
If you begin to feel dizzy or stuffy while working in the affected area leave immediately. If you are unsure of the mold safety, call an industrial hygienist to test the mold for toxicity. Mold color has nothing to do with toxicity, so seeing black mold does not necessarily mean toxic, just as white mold does not necessarily mean safe. Testing is the only way to determine toxicity.
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